κόπους παρέχειν τινί

① a state of discomfort or distress, trouble, difficulty, a transferred sense of κόπος=‘beating’ (s. κόπτω; Trag.; pap; Ps 106:12; Sir 22:13; 1 Macc 10:15; ParJer 5:6; Jos., Ant. 2, 257; Just., D. 68, 2) κόπους (κόπον) παρέχειν τινί (cause) trouble (for) someone, bother someone (κόπους παρέχειν τινί PTebt 21, 10 [115 B.C.]; BGU 844, 12; PGissUniv 27, 13f [IIIA.D.]; PGM 14b, 4f; κόπον παρ. τινί Sir 29:4) Mt 26:10; Mk 14:6; Lk 11:7; 18:5; Gal 6:17; Hv 3, 3, 2; AcPlCor 2:34. πολλοὺς κόπους ἠντληκώς after he had endured many hardships Hs 5, 6, 2a (cp. Did.. Gen. 105, 9). W. other terms relating to a peristasis (FDanker, 2 Cor [Augsburg Comm.], ’89, 85–91; 180–86) 2 Cor 6:5 and 11:23; on 10:15 s. 2 below.

② to engage in activity that is burdensome, work, labor, toil (Eur., Aristoph.; SIG 761, 6 [I B.C.]; PAmh 133, 11; POxy 1482, 6; LXX; En; TestIss 3:5; Apc4Esdr Fgm. a; ApcSed 14:2; Jos., Ant. 3, 25; 8, 244; Iren.1, 13, 5 [Harv I 122, 3]; Did., Gen. 104, 7.) sing. κ. τῆς ἀγάπης labor of love, i.e. loving service 1 Th 1:3. W. ἔργα Rv 2:2. W. ἱδρώς B 10:4. W. μόχθος (q.v.) 2 Cor 11:27; 1 Th 2:9; 2 Th 3:8; Hs 5, 6, 2b. ὁ κ. ὑμῶν οὐκ ἔστιν κενός your labor is not in vain 1 Cor 15:58. μήπως εἰς κενὸν γένηται ὁ κ. ἡμῶν that our work may not be fruitless 1 Th 3:5. Fig. of work at harvest time εἰς τὸν κ. τινὸς εἰσέρχεσθαι enter into someone’s labor i.e. reap the rewards of another person’s work J 4:38; τὸν μισθὸν λαμβάνειν κατὰ τὸν κ. receive pay in accordance w. the work done 1 Cor 3:8. ὅπου πλείων κ., πολὺ κέρδος the greater the toil, the richer the gain IPol 1:3.—Pl., of individual acts (En 7:3) 2 Cor 10:15 (6:5 and 11:23 appear to fit best under 1 above); Rv 14:13. Also abstr. for concr. reward for labor (Sir 14:15) Hm 2:4; Hs 9, 24, 2f.—AvHarnack, Κόπος (κοπιᾶν, οἱ κοπιῶντες) im frühchristl. Sprachgebr.: ZNW 27, 1928, 1–10; HKuist, Bibl. Review 16, ’31, 245–49. B. 540.—DELG s.v. κόπτω. M-M. TW. Spicq. Sv.

κόπ-ος, ὁ, ([etym.] κόπτω)

A striking, beating, ὀξύχειρι σὺν κόπῳ (Pauw for κτύπῳ) A.Ch.23 (lyr.); στέρνων κόπους (Seidler for κτύπους) E.Tr. 794 (anap.); = κοπανισμός, Hsch.

II toil and trouble, suffering, A. Supp. 210 (pl.);

ἀνδροδάϊκτος κόπος Id.Fr. 132a

p.Ar.Ra. 1265; pain of a disease, S.Ph. 880; κόπους παρέχειν τινί to give trouble, Ev.Matt.26.10, al., PTeb.21.10 (ii B. C.), BGU844.10 (i A. D.);

κόπον ἔχειν Phld. Mus.p.62

K.;

πάντα κ. ἀναδεξάμενος SIG761

B6 (Delph., i B. C.).

2 fatigue, Hp.VM21, Gal.6.190; κόπου ὕπο from very weariness, E. Ba. 634;

κόπῳ παρεῖμαι Id.Ph. 852

; κόπῳ δαμέντες, ἁλίσκεσθαι, Id.Rh. 764, Th.7.40;

τῷ κ. ξυνεῖναι Ar.Pl. 321

;

τὰ γόνατα κ. ἕλοι μου Id.Lys. 542

: in pl., E.Rh. 124;

κόποι καὶ ὕπνοι Pl.R. 537b

, cf. X.Eq. 4.2, 2 Ep.Cor.6.5, etc.; περὶ κόπων title of work by Thphr.

3 work, exertion,

καμάραν ἀφ' ἱδίων κόπων ἐποίησεν IG12(7).384

([place name] Amorgos), cf. BGU884.10 (i A. D.); κόπῳ κόπον λύειν prov. in Orib.Eup. 1.2.8.

παρέχω impf. παρεῖχον, also 3 pl. παρεῖχαν Ac 28:2 v.l. (H. Gk.; s. B-D-F §82; Mlt-H. 194); fut. παρέξω; 2 aor. παρέσχον; pf. παρέσχηκα. Mid.: impf. παρειχόμην; fut. 1 sg. παρέξομαι (ApcPt Rainer), 2 sg. παρέξῃ, 1 pl. παρεξόμεθα Esth 8:12h; 2 aor. impv. 2 sg. παράσχου Ps 29:8, inf. παρασχέσθαι 4 Macc 3:2. Pass.: aor. subj. 3 sg. παρασχεθῇ (Just., A I, 68, 7) (Hom.+).

① to make available, give up, offer, present (schol. on Nicander, Alexiph. 204 παρέχειν πίνειν=offer to drink) τί τινι someth. to someone τὴν σιαγόνα Lk 6:29. τὸ πλοῦτος Hs 2:7.

② to cause to experience someth., grant, show

ⓐ act. grant, show τινί τι someth. to someone (Vi. Aesopi G 124 P. οὐδὲν αὐτῷ παρεῖχον; Aesop, Fab. 396 P.=170 H.; Jos., Ant. 2, 329; 11, 2) Dg 12:1. ἀγάπην 1 Cl 21:7. φιλανθρωπίαν Ac 28:2. Of God (Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 65 §265 ἢν οἱ θεοὶ παρέχωσιν εὐπραγεῖν; Alex. Aphr., Quaest. 1, 14 Bruns) ἡμῖν πάντα 1 Ti 6:17; cp. Dg 8:11. ὅσα … αὐτοῖς παρέσχεν AcPl Ha 8, 16/Ox 1602, 18/BMM recto 20 (cp. Just., A I, 10, 1 θεὸν … παρέχοντα πάντα) ὧν (attraction of the rel. fr. ἅ) τοῖς οἰομένοις διδόναι παρέχει αὐτός which he himself supplies to those who think they are giving Dg 3:4. πίστιν παρασχὼν πᾶσιν Ac 17:31 (s. πίστις 1c).—Without a dat. (Pind., Paeanes 4, 24 Sch.=OxfT 4, 21 μοῖσαν; Just., D. 3, 6 τὴν ἐπιστήμην) νοῦν grant understanding Dg 11:5. ἡσυχίαν Ac 22:2 (cp. Jos., Ant. 5, 235). δεῖγμά τινος Dg 3:3 (s. δεῖγμα 2 and 1).—Without the acc., which is to be supplied fr. the context Dg 3:5; ISm 11:3.—W. dat. and inf. foll. MPol 18:2.

ⓑ mid. (B-D-F §316, 3; Rob. 810) ἑαυτόν τι show oneself to be someth. (X., Cyr. 8, 1, 39; SIG 333, 10f [306 B.C.]; 442, 8f; 620, 5f; 748, 31f; 1068, 6f; 1104, 18f; UPZ 144, 15 [164/163 B.C.]; POxy 281, 13; CPR 27, 14.—Dssm., NB 81f [BS 254]; Thieme 24; Rouffiac 52. In earlier Gk., e.g. Antiphon, Pla. et al., the act. would be used, as it is Jos., C. Ap. 2, 156) σεαυτὸν παρεχόμενος τύπον Tit 2:7.

③ to cause to happen or be brought about, cause, make happen

ⓐ act. cause, bring about τινί τι someth. for someone (Hdt. 1, 177 πόνον; Socrat., Ep. 14, 1 κακά; Arrian, Anab. 2, 21, 3 φόβον; EpArist 96 ἔκπληξιν ἡμῖν π.; Jos., Ant. 18, 175 ὄχλον [=annoyance] μοι π.; Just., A I, 4, 7 ἀφορμάς, A II, 4, 1 πράγματα) κόπους cause trouble (s. κόπος 1) Mt 26:10; Mk 14:6; Lk 11:7; 18:5 (κόπον, as Sir 29:4); Gal 6:17; AcPlCor 2:34 (κόπους μοι μηδεὶς παρεχέτω in connection w. PGM 14b [ἐάν μοι ὁ δεῖνα κόπους παράσχῃ] is taken as a formula of adjuration by Dssm., B 262ff [BS 352–60], LO 256 [LAE 301]); Hv 3, 3, 2 (περί τινος about someth.). χαρὰν ἡμῖν π. give us joy 1 Cl 63:2. ἐργασίαν πολλήν bring great gain Ac 16:16 (Jos., Ant. 15, 332 πλείστην ἐργασίαν παρασχόν).—Without the dat. (s. ref. to Hdt. above.—Sir 29:4 v.l.) Hm 11:20. ξενισμόν cause astonishment IEph 19:2. ἐκζητήσεις give rise to speculations 1 Ti 1:4.

ⓑ mid. (B-D-F §316, 3; Rob. 810) grant τινί τι someth. to someone (Diod S 20, 62, 1 παρείχετο τοῖς ἐμπόροις τὴν ἀσφάλειαν; Jos., Ant. 9, 255; cp. τὰ ἑαυτῶν δίκαια παρέσχοντο=they submitted their claims: letter of MAurelius ln. 33 in ZPE 8, ’71, 170f) τοῖς τεχνίταις ἐργασίαν business to the artisans Ac 19:24. τὸ δίκαιον καὶ τὴν ἰσότητα what is just and fair Col 4:1. ἄξιός ἐστιν ᾧ παρέξῃ τοῦτο he deserves that you grant him this Lk 7:4. τὸ πλοῦτος π. τῷ πένητι Hs 2, 7. πλέον more IRo 2:2. παρέξομαι τοῖς κλητοῖς μου καὶ ἐκλέκτοις μου ὸ̔ν ἐὰν αἰτήσωνταί με ἐκ τῆς κολάσεως to all my called and elect ones who petition me, I will grant release of the sinner of their choice from torment ApcPt Rainer (as emended by James; cp. SibOr 2, 330–33). Offer 1 Cl 20:10.—Larfeld I 501f. M-M.